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South Korea is pursuing the acquisition of nuclear-powered submarines with US President Trump’s approval, aiming to bolster its defense capabilities against North Korea and China. This move, decades in the making due to a US nuclear fuel reprocessing ban, is driven by the need for greater operational range and speed, particularly for anti-submarine warfare. While South Korea already possesses advanced diesel-electric submarines, the shift to nuclear power would significantly enhance its ability to project power and respond to threats in the region. However, the project faces numerous challenges, including potential geopolitical repercussions, concerns about a regional arms race (particularly with North Korea’s own nuclear submarine development), and logistical hurdles related to construction and technology transfer. The Philadelphia Shipyard is slated to be a key location for construction, but questions remain about the feasibility of transferring nuclear technology and the potential for increased tensions with China.